Introduction

Bibliography

*-m archaic accusative ending [gg 4 Mar 99]

ma "greatness" > "celebration, magnification" [az96]
mac "to magnify" > "immolate" [az96]
macst "magistrate" [az96]
macstre "master" [g/lb83 91]
macstrev, macstrev-c "magistracy" [g/lb83, mp68, dep, pa]
"was (praetor) maximus, magistrate" [az96]
macstrna "Mastarna' Servius Tullius, King of Rome" [az96, g/lb83, mp68]
"(praetor) maximus" [az96]
Mastarna Latin name of Etruscan origin [lrp 57]
< *mak,*makh,*mek,*mekh "greatness" [az96]
see mex [rmcc]
see Latin magister "master" [g/lb83, mp68, pa]
see Old English magan "to be able" [dep]
see German macht "power" [dep]

macre masculine family name [mc91: 102]
macri feminine family name [mc91: 102]
see Roman family Macer [mc91: 102]

macula "spot" [rc 157]
Latin of Etruscan origin?

made mi recie "cook it for me to the right point" [az96"392]

*magura "height, mountain" [rah 53-54]
Tyrrhenian?

*mal- "to look, to see" [ag 78 23-24]
"to give, dedicate" [g/lb83, pa, dep]
malena, malstria "mirror" [az96, g/lb83, lb 90, mp 68/75pa, dep]
masculinena "mirror" [pa, dep]
see Indo-European *mel- 'to show oneself' [ag78: 23-24]

mala "mountain, wilderness" (pre-Celtic) [b/b 126]
Tyrrhenian origin?

malave "to soften, exhaust" [az96]

malavisx female dressed by servants, bride? [g/lb83]
"softness, effeminacy" [az96]

male "sign, ruins" [az96]

malga "hut," Alpine Romance [bm 24-25]
of Rhaetian origin?

maluve "mollis, arrendole" [az96]
malva "mallow" Latin [cw 38]
see Greek malakhé, molokhé "mallow" [cw 38]
of Tyrrhenian origin?

mam-, mani-, mar, maru "greatness" [az96]
mama "greatest" [az96]
mamnthi "which celebrate, make great (pl)" [az96]
man "greatness" [az96]
mani-m "greatness, power" [az96]
manince "(to have) magnified" [az96]
manth, manth "to make powerful, great?" [az96]
see mar-, man [az96]

mamarce, mamerce male name [mc91: 112]
"Mamercus, Mars" [g/lb83]
see Oscan Mâmers "Mars" [g/lb83]

man, mani, mani-m, man-th, manim-eri "the dead, spirits of the dead" [g/lb83, pa, dep]
mani "funerary monument" [am91]
mania guardian of the underworld, companion of Mantus [EM]
manin-, minin-ce "to offer to the Manes?" [g/lb83. mp68]
mantus god of the underworld, patron of Mantua [EM]
see Latin manes "the dead, ghosts" [g/lb83. pa, dep]

manixur "those that remain, resist (plural)" [az96]

mantissa "make-weight" Latin of Etruscan origin [lrp 48, mp68: 369]

mantrns "Manturna (goddess)" [az96]

manuva, manthva "Mantua (town)" [djh 14, mp68: 205]
manthvate "Mantuan, mantovano" [az96]
mantus god of the underworld, patron of Mantua [EM]
see Latin Mantua [djh 14, mp68: 205]

mar tlusc celestial deity [mp68: 251]

marale "one who shatters, smashes?" [az96]

marca "stimulus, sense" [az96]
marce male name [g/lb83, mc91: 96, mp68: 371, pa]
"goad, sharp" [az96]
marcena, marcna male family name (male) [mc91: 53/96]
based on Marce [mc91: 53/96]
"sign, perception" [az96]
marcias "of the signs, chacters? (oblique), (which) distinguishes?" [az96]
marcnei female family name [mc91: 53]
"sign, perception" [az96]
marcni "one who marks, stresses, perceives" [az96]
see Latin Marcios > Marcius [mc91: 53/96]
see Latin Marcus [g/lb83, mc91: 96, mp68: 371, pa]

mare "greatness, prosperity, omen" [az96]
marni "magesty?" [az96]
marniu "maronate, magistracy" [az96]
maru, mâr, mare, marunu, marunux, marniu "aedile, quaestor, magistracy, official" [az96, EB XXII: 801, g/lb83, mc91: 67, mp68, pa, dep]
maru-, marv-as "to exercise the maronate" [mp68]
see derivative titles: marnu, marniu, marunu, marunux, maruxva, marunuxva, zilath maruxva, zilc marunuxva, marunuxva cepen [az96, mp68]
maru cathsc "priest of Catha" [mp68: 227]
marunux paxanati, maru paxathuras "priest of Bacchus" [mp68: 265]
< *makhar- [az96]
see Lemnian maraz, marazm [mp68: 99]
see Latin marô type of magistrate [mp68, rab 347, pa]
see Umbrian maro, maron- [mp68, rab 347]

maria "brilliant" < "vibrant" [az96]
marmis "brilliant" [az96]
*mar- < *mbRgh [az96]
see Greek Marpessa [az96]

mariS, maris, marisi "Mars" [mp68: 159]
natural deity [mp68: 251]
male deity, appears as baby, youth, bearded man [g/lb83]
"god of change and vicissicitudes" [az96]
epithets mariS musta, mariS turan, mariS halna, mariS husrnana, mariS isminthians [g/lb83]

marras "stone weapons" (pre-Celtic) [b/b 126]
Tyrrhenian origin?

mart-, marz- "one who marks, stresses, perceives" [az96]
< *mark-t- [az96]

marth "daughter-in-law?" [az96]

martith "character" [az96]
< *marct- [az96]

mas "male" [cw 38, rc 160]
Latin of Etruscan origin?

masan, masn "Masa" a month [g/lb83, mcv 8 Nov 96, mp68, pa, dep]

masan, masn "seer, hierophant" [az96]

masate, masu "greedy, seeker" [az96]

masuripos "anagallide rossa" plant [az96]

masuve "desire" [az96]

mata "favor, benevolence" [az96]
matan "to favor" [az96]
matani "benevolence" [az96]
mathcva "benevolence" [az96]
"full of inebriating drink: [g/lb83 81]
"benevolence" [az96]
matu "to favor" [az96]
matuna "lucky, propicious" [az96]
< *mât- [az96]

mata type of vessel [pa, dep]< P> matam, matan "above, before, earlier" [g/lb83, mp68]
"over, in front of" [pa, dep]
see Greek meta "beside, after" [dep]
see Gothic mith "with" [dep]

math "money, mead" [b/k 32, g/lb83]
mathcva "full of inebriating drink" [g/lb83 81]
"benevolence" [az96]

*mathi "metal?" [ag 79]
see Greek metallon [ag 79]

matulnai family name [g/lb83 86]

matun female name [g/lb83 73]
matunas family name [g/lb83 75]

mavilitule "small, meager" [az96]

Mawort "Mars" [rc 160]
Latin of Etruscan origin?

max, mac, maxs, mach, makh "five" [am91, az96, cb, g/lb83, mc91, mcv, rab 332, vs/amr 189, pa, dep]
see derivatives macra, macnur [mp68]
muvalx, muvalxl-, muvalx-ls "fifty" [az96, jf 141, mcv 8 Nov 96, mp68, pa]
< *max-alx [az96, jf 141, mcv 8 Nov 96, mp68]
see Indo-European "full hand, all fingers" [ag 1978]
see Nostratic *mVgE "much, many, big" [ag 1978]

maxaira "curved saber" of Etruscan origin [see mp68: 328]

mel "to delay, slow down" [az96]
mele "delay" [az96]

melecrapisce "song writer" [az96]
see Greek melógraphos [az96]

meliar, meliacr, melacr, melakre "Meleager" [g/lb85: 152]
"one who delays, goes in circles, remains harsh" [az96]

meluta, melutu family name [mc91: 121, az96]
"bound, fascinated" [az96]

memrun deity "dismemberer" [az96]

men, men-a, men-e, men-u, men-ece, men-axe, men-aS "to give, to make an offering" [mp68]
"to carry out" [am91]
"to have to" [az96]
men ame "to commute, reciprocate" [az96]
mena "to be obliged" [az96]
menaxe "(was) given" [g/lb83 65]
"had made" [mc91]
"(was) obliged" [az96]
menas "being obliged, should (gerund)" [az96]
menatha "due" [az96]
mene "position, office, duty" [az96]
menita "(that which) changes, compensates, remunerates?"
menu, menece "did" [mc91]
corresponds to Greek "èpoíe:sen" [mc91]
"has compensated, exchanged" [az96]
menuci "changeable, mutable, rapid" [az96]
see menica, menitla [mp68]
see Latin munus "position, office, duty" [az96]
see Latin munere "to serve" [az96]

menarva, menerva, meneruva, menrva, menarea, mera "Athena, Minerva" [az96, cb, djh 95, g/lb83, mc91: 53, EM, pa]
see Latin Minerva [EM, pa]

menle "Menelaos" [g/lb83]
Mind, Thinking" [az96]

merk- "commerce, trade" [rc 169]
Italic root of Etruscan origin [rc 169]
see Latin merx < merc- "merchandise" [cw 42]
see Latin mercárí, "to trade [cw 42]
see Latin merces, "pay, price, reward" [cw 42]
see Latin Mercurius "Mercury" [cw 42]

merpasn- "brilliant" [az96]

meSna "one who withers, macerates" [az96]

mestle "sepulcher?" [az96]

methlum, methlum-es, methlum-eS, methlum-eri, methlum-th, methlum-t, methlumth "district, territory" [g/lb83 70, mp68]
"nation, people" (institutional term) [pa, dep]
"rural district, god of rural district" [gzb]
"assembly, council" [am91]
"city" [mc91]
"delegation, mission, embassy, legate, messenger, Mercury" [az96]
see mex [dep]

metia "tired, weak, soft, drunk" [az91]

metli family name (fem.) [mc91: 133]
female name [g/lb85: 164]

metru unknown [mc91: 68]
see Greek mé:tro:n [de Simone cit. mc91: 68]

metus, metusnei "Medusa" [g/lb85: 151]
"terror, weak, soft?" [az96]
metvia, metua "Medea" [az96]
"wet, moisture" [az96]
see Latin madida "wet", mador "moisture" [az96]
see Latin metus "fear, awe" [az96]

mevelce "grown thin, small" [az96]

mevntie "scarcity" [az96]

mex "nation" [pa, dep]
"strong, great" [am91, az96]
"lord" [lb 299]
mex, mex-l "people, league, nation" [g/lb83, mp68]
mexl "territory" [g/lb85: 120]
"the greatest" [az96]
mex thuta "res publica" [mcv 8 Nov 96]
see methlum "district, territory" [g/lb83, mp68]
see zilath mexl rasnal, zilath mexlum raSneas "praetor of Etruria" [g/lb83, mp68]
mean, meian- "manificence, greatness" [az96]
< *meghi-an-, *megh-an- [az96]
"Nike, Victoria (crowns others with wreath)" [g/lb83]
"Gloria (goddess)" [az96]
< *mak-, makh-, mek, -mekh- [az96]
see Latin maximus [az96]
see Latin pagus "village, district" [dep]

mi, me- "I" 1st.p.pronoun [am91, b/c, b/k, cb, g/lb83, v, mc91, mcv, mp68, pa, dep]
mi-ni, me-ne, mi-na "me" accusative [am91, b/c, b/k, cb, g/lb83, v, mc91, mcv, mp68, pa]
mini "we" [ag 79]
see derivatives mipi, minpi < mini-pi [mc91, mp68]
accusative + preposition? [rmcc]
see Latin enclitic -mini; form of mihi "to me" [pa]
see Latin me "me" [dep]
see Breton me "I" [dep]
see Gothic mik "me" [dep]
see Russian minja "me" [dep]
see Sanskrit mam "me" [dep]
see Greek eme "me" [dep]
see Indo-European *me [gg Mar 99]
see Indo-European *H1me- [mcv 9-2-99]
see Uralic *men [gg Mar 99]
see Nostratic *mi "I" [ag 79]
see Nostratic oblique *mi-nV [ag 79]

miace "(has) emigrated, gone away" [az96]

miel "passage?" [az96]

miles, militis "soldier" Latin from Etruscan [lb 90, lrp 48, mp 75, rah 59]
militia "army" Latin from Etruscan [lb 90, mp 75]

mima, mime "misconstrues, deludes" [az96]

minate "menacing?" [az96]
see Latin minax "threatening projecting" [az96]

mines "one who diminishes, lowers" [az96]

misala place name [mc91: 143]

misc sane "mix well" [az96: 392]

miser, "wretched, unfortunate" Latin [cw 42, rc 171]
of Etruscan origin?

mlac, mlak-a, mlax "vow" [mp68: 413, pa, dep]
mlakas, mlax, mlak-as, mulax "votive gift, offering. anathema" possessive [mp68, pa, dep]
"good to good", "genitive of good", "beautiful to beautiful" "genitive of beautiful"? [gm97]
"funerary offerings" [am91]
mlac-aS, mlak-asi "votive gift, anathema" indirect object [mp68]
mlax-as, mlaci-tha, mlax-ta, mlax-uta "votive gift, anathema" [mp68]
"beautiful, noble" [mc91]
"to please, something pleasant, grace, favor" [az96]
mlace "pleasant" [az96]
"I offered" [am91]
mlacitha "pleasant" [az96]
mlacux young woman abducted by Hercules [g/lb83]
"(one who) pleases, favors" [az96]
"funarary" [am91]
mlakas "(he) has offered" [g/lb83 110]
mlax mlakas "beautiful (male) of a beautiful (female)" [mc91: 114]
"pleasing thing?" [az96]
mlaxta "pleasant, pleasing" [az96]
mlaxuta "pleasing thing" [az96]
mulx "beautiful, nice" [pa, dep]
see mulax, mul- [mp68]
see Latin placo "to appease", placeo "to be pleasing" [az96]
see Latin placitum "agreeable" [az96]
see Latin pulcher "beautiful" [dep]
see Latin fulgo "to shine" [dep]
see Lithuanian blizgu "to shine" [dep]
see Tocharian pälk "to shine" [dep]
see Greek phalos "white" [dep]
see Old Slavic belu "white" [dep]
see Breton melen "yellow" [dep]
< *mblak- [az96]
< *mbhlg [dep]

mlathce "weak, soft" [az96]

mler "bad, evil" [az96]
mleru "wickedness" [az96]
melerpanta "Bellerophon" [az96]
< male-pandus? [az96]
meler > mler "evil, bad"? [az96]

mlithuns "sweet" [az96]
see Italian mela "apple" [az96]

mnehvra "remembered, thinker?" [az96]
mnev "to have remembered" [az96]

*morme, *morph-á "form, beauty, outward appearance" [cw 42, lrp 52]
see Latin forma "form, shape, contour, beauty, outward appearance" [cw 42, lrp 52]
see Greek morphe, merph-, morphé "form" [cw 42, lrp 52]
of Tyrrhenian origin?

muca "to wind, creep" < "spread, widen" [az96]
"cavity, satchel" [am91]
mucum "to fold, conform, adjust" [az96]
muka, muk "flectere?" [az96]

mul-, mul-a, mul-i, mul-u, mul-une, mul-veni, mul-eni-ke, mul vani-ce, mul-ve-ne-ke, mul-vunu-ke, mul-uvani-ce "to offer, dedicate as an ex-voto, anatíthêmi" [am91, cb, g/lb83, mp68, v, pa, dep]
see mulsle [cb, g/lb83, mp68, v]
mula "veneration, honor, importance?" [az96]
mula "mola (sauce)" [az96]
mulax, malak, mlax "votive offering, dedication" [g/lb83]
"recipient for sacrifice" [az96]
mulenike "(he) dedicated (me)" [lb 299]
muleth "veneration, honor, importance? (locative)"
mulirizile, mulu-rizile "offerings as sustenance or compensation" [az96]
mulu "offering" [az96]
"gift, present" [pa]
muluane "grinder, miller" [az96]
mulune "offering, haviong offered" [am91]
"to venerate?" [az96]
muluvan-, muluvene, muluvani, muluvana, muluvanike, mulvanice, etc. "to dedicate, offer" [az96, mp68: 399]
"s/he offered" [pa]
mulveni "devotion" [az96]
mulx, malak, mlax "votive offering, dedicates" [g/lb85: 190]
see mlac-, mlax [rmcc]
< *mbol- [az96]
see Rhaetian muluainike [mcv 8 Nov 96]
see Latin mola "salted grain for sacrifice" [az96]
see Latin môles "mass, bulk" [az96]

mulier "woman," [bc 199]
of Etruscan origin?

mun-, muni, muni-s, muni-s-ta-s, muni-cle-th, muni-cle-t, muni ule-th, muni-vle-th, mun-sle, mun-th "place, hypogeal place, tomb" [cw 43, g/lb83, mp68, pa, dep]
munth "adornment, order" [g/lb83, mp68: 369]
"honoring" < "lofty deed" [az96]
munthu "one who polishes" [az96]
munthux, munthx, munthu "female attendant to deities" [g/lb83] "elegance, Munda (allegory)" [az96]
see Latin mundus "women's cosmetics, world" [cw 43, g/lb83, mp68, pa]
calque of Greek kosmos "order, female adornment, world order, universe" [cw 43, g/lb83, mp68]
see Latin monumentum "tomb" [dep]

munam "to think, remember?" [az96]

muna-ta "this place" [g/lb85: 171]
munistas "this place" [lb 299]

municleth, munisuleth "(under) orders (to)" locative plural [az96]
munsle "orders" [az96]
munis, munise "to commend" [az96]
munista "commended, sworn to" [az96]
munis- "to endow, to take charge of" [dep]
munistas "gift" [mcv]
< *munes- [dep]
see Latin munus, muneris < munes- "service, tax, gift" [mcv, dep]

mur-, murce "stay, reside, rest" [g/lb83]
"to delay, remina, stay" [az96]
murila personal name, family name [g/lb83 76, 85: 122]
murina "hesitant" [az96]
murinasie "hesitant, uncertain" [az96]
murs "slow" [az96]
mur- "to settle, stay, remain" [pa, dep]
see murs, murS-S, murS-l [g/lb83]
see Lemnian morinail [mp68: 99]
see Latin mora "delay, hindrance" [g/lb83]
see Latin morari "to remain" [dep]
see Irish maraim "I stay" [dep]

murs, murS, murs-l (plural) "urn, sarcophagus, ossuary" [g/lb83. mp68]
murS, murts "corpse, cadaver" [az96]
murzua "small urns" [mp68: 405]
"corpses, cadavers (dual)" [az96]
murs "urn, sarcophagus" [pa, dep]
< mur-, mur-ce? "to stay, rest" [g/lb83. mp68]
see Nostratic *murV "to smash" [ag 79]

musni "intellectual activity" [az96]

mûsum, "snout, muzzle" Latin [cw 43, rc 173]
of Etruscan origin?

mutana, mutna, mutne, mutnia-thi "sarcophagus" [am91, az96, g/lb83 77, mp68, pa, dep]
mutniathi "sarcophagus (locative)" [g/lb83 76]
see Greek mudáô [am91]
see ancient Egyptian mwt "to die" [pa]
see Aramaic mut "to die", mot "death" [pa]
see Ugaritic mt "to die" [pa]
see Accadic mâtu "he died" [pa]
see Arabic mâta "he died" [pa]
see Nostratic *muda "to finish, to end" [ag 79]

muth "to move" [az96]
mutin "to move" [az96]
mutzi "motion, movement, activity" [az96]
mutince "to raise, stir up" [az96]
see Latin movere "to move, stir, excite, cause" [az96]

mutina "Modena (town)" [g/lbdjh 14]
see Latin Mutina [g/lbdjh 14]

mutu [az96] "trunk, cut" [az96]

*mutu "thyme" [pa, dep]

mutuna family name (male) [mp68: 395]
mutunai family (female) [mp68: 395]

mux "to fold" [az96]

myrtille "myrtle, blueberry" "French" [b/b 126]
pre-Celtic Alps & Apennines [b/b 126]
Tyrrhenian origin?

Introduction

Bibliography

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The compilers thank Adolfo Zavaroni for his generous assistance and objectivity.
We thank Gabriela Mc Callister-Castillo for her research assistance.
We thank G. Bruce Cobbold for his inspiration.

This compilation is copyrighted.
Feel free to make copies for personal use
but this document may not be used any commercial purposes.
Be sure to check all entries against sources for accuracy.
Cite the original sources in any publications.
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